Protecting Our Reefs and the Manta Rays: Responsible Anchoring in Hawaii
Manta rays are awe-inspiring creatures that leave a lasting impression on everyone who encounters them. Unfortunately, human actions pose significant threats to their survival.
This article is the first of a series exploring the primary threats manta rays face. Our goal is to raise awareness and deepen understanding of these gentle giants' challenges and to highlight the efforts needed to ensure their protection and survival.
Anchoring at Manta Ray Viewing Sites
Manta ray viewing sites are specific locations in the ocean where manta rays consistently gather to feed. These sites typically have high concentrations of plankton, the primary diet for manta rays, making them popular spots for tour activities.
Boats carrying tourists to these sites should follow specific practices to minimize their environmental impact.
Ideally, boats should use moorings to stay in place - a system designed to secure boats without damaging the seabed. Moorings typically consist of a buoy that floats 10-15 feet below the surface and is connected to a heavyweight below by a strong cable or chain. They prevent the need to drop anchors, which can harm the ocean floor and its inhabitants.
However, when moorings are not available, it is recommended that boats anchor in sandy areas to minimize the damage to the underwater ecosystem.
What is Irresponsible Anchoring?
Harmful anchoring methods involve dropping anchors directly onto coral formations rather than using designated moorings or anchoring in nearby sandy areas, which are far less damaging to the environment.
Anchoring on coral is particularly common at busy manta ray viewing sites, where high visitor traffic and limited mooring options often lead to this irresponsible practice. This not only damages the coral but also disrupts the entire marine ecosystem.
How Anchors Damage Coral Reefs
Coral reefs are vital to marine biodiversity; they provide habitat, breeding grounds, and protection for numerous marine species.
When heavy metal anchors are dropped on fragile reefs, they physically destroy the coral structures. It takes decades, if not centuries, to re-grow.
We believe there is no justification for killing live coral under any circumstances.
You can witness the devastating impact of anchors on our reefs in the video below.
How Anchoring on Reefs Affects Manta Rays
Reefs are essential for manta rays, especially reef mantas. As the name suggests, reefs are their habitat and home. These coral reefs function as "cleaning stations" where mantas visit to have parasites and dead skin removed by smaller fish - a process vital for their health.
Furthermore, when reefs are damaged, the entire ecosystem feels the impact. This leads to a decrease in plankton, the main food source for manta rays, disrupting their natural feeding habits.
Several times, it has been observed how manta rays suffered direct physical injuries from anchors and anchor chains. Such injuries can be severe, leading to infections, decreased mobility, or even death.
The Challenge of Encouraging Responsible Anchoring
The State of Hawaii recognizes these challenges and is actively working on solutions to reduce overcrowding and promote more sustainable tourism.
Until new regulations are established, we encourage tour operators to use existing mooring balls or drop anchors in designated sandy areas when no other options are available, as stipulated in the tour operator standards.
We also encourage every tour participant to consider these five questions when choosing an activity provider for a manta ray swim.
By doing this, you support sustainable ocean recreation in Hawaii and ensure that the underwater world remains protected and thriving for generations to come.